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Life insurance in Belgium (assurance vie/levensverzekering)

When you move to Belgium and start planning your family’s financial future, one question eventually comes up:

**Should you get life insurance?** 

For many people, it feels complicated, full of jargon, and easy to postpone.

But wait. 

There’s good news:

With the right guidance, [life insurance in Belgium](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/life-insurance) can become a straightforward way to protect your loved ones and even grow your savings for the future. 

It doesn’t have to be overwhelming or expensive.

The truth is that whether you’re a parent, a homeowner, or an expat navigating Belgian bureaucracy, understanding your options now can make a world of difference later.

> In this post, you’ll learn:  
> - What life insurance in Belgium is and who needs it  
> - How policies actually work and what they cover  
> - The main types of contracts (and which one fits you)  
> - How much coverage you should get

Let’s get started.

## What is Belgian life insurance?

In Belgium, life insurance is known as **“assurance vie”** in French and **“levensverzekering”** in Dutch. 

At its core, it is a contract between an individual and an insurance company, where the insurance company promises to pay a predetermined amount in the event of the policyholder’s death to their chosen beneficiaries.

The primary goal is to either provide **financial protection** for loved ones or serve as a **savings tool** for the future.

With [$831 billion](https://feather-insurance.com/blog/life-insurance-statistics) paid out to beneficiaries in 2023, life insurance is one of the most popular insurance products worldwide. 

All life insurance products in Belgium are supervised by the [Financial Services and Markets Authority](https://www.fsma.be/en) (FSMA)

## Who needs life insurance in Belgium?

Life insurance in Belgium is not a requirement for anyone.

But it can be a powerful tool for most households.

The decision depends on your personal circumstances, financial responsibilities, and long-term goals, but here’s a general overview of who tends to benefit the most:

### Families with children

Parents often benefit from life insurance because it provides financial security for everyday living expenses, school fees, and even future savings for their children.

It ensures that children are financially supported in the event of a parent’s passing.  

### Homeowners

Owning property comes with long-term debt. A life insurance payout can protect dependents by covering mortgage installments or outstanding loans.  

### Caregivers and care-receivers

Those providing care for relatives can guarantee uninterrupted support through a policy. 

On the other hand, older adults sometimes use life insurance as a final gesture to financially express their gratitude to their caregivers.  

### High-net-worth families

Large estates may face heavy taxes. 

Life insurance can help offset these costs, allowing heirs to inherit a larger portion of the family’s wealth.  

### Business owners

Companies that rely on specific individuals may use “key person insurance” to protect operations if a vital employee or partner passes away.  

### Married retirees

Pensioners can use life insurance to replace lost pension income, providing surviving spouses with greater financial stability.  

### Who might not need life insurance?

Not every situation calls for a policy. 

Single individuals without dependents typically don’t need coverage. Similarly, if a partner has a strong income and is financially prepared to support the household, life insurance may not be essential.

## How does life insurance work in Belgium?

1. **Choosing a policy:** Life insurance always starts with signing a contract with an insurer. You’ll get to choose the coverage amount (the sum paid out upon death) and name the beneficiaries who will receive the funds.  
2. **Paying premiums:** To keep the plan active, the insured must pay premiums regularly. Costs vary depending on coverage and risk factors (age, health, etc.).  
3. **The insured event**: If the insured person passes away while the contract is valid, the insurance company activates the policy guarantee.  
4. **Payout:** The insurer then transfers the agreed payout directly to the designated beneficiaries. These are often close family members, dependents, or any individuals named in the contract.  
5. **How the payout can be used:** The lump sum provides financial protection and can be used in many ways:  
   a. Covering daily living expenses and maintaining household stability  
   b. Supporting dependents such as children or a spouse  
   c. Repaying outstanding loans or mortgages  
   d. Handling immediate costs like funeral expenses  
   e. Ensuring both short-term and long-term financial security  
6. **Taxes:** In Belgium, life insurance is subject to a specific tax framework that interacts with inheritance rules. Whether the payout is included in the deceased’s estate for succession tax purposes depends on several factors (who owns the policy, who is designated as beneficiary, which region (Flanders, Brussels, Wallonia) the deceased lived in, etc.). But, generally, life insurance can reduce inheritance taxation.

## What type of life insurance is right for you?

Life insurance in Belgium usually comes in two main forms. Each works differently and is better suited to different needs. 

Let’s take a closer look at them:

### Pure risk, or term life insurance

Pure risk policies are protection-only. This means:

* They pay out only if the insured person dies during the agreed period.

* If you outlive the contract, there’s no payout.

A common use case is when you take out a **mortgage loan**. Banks often require borrowers to get this type of policy. 

That way, if something happens to you, your family won’t be left with debt; the loan will be paid off.

### Mixed, savings-linked products

These policies combine protection against death with savings or investments. You stay insured, but there’s also a payout even if you survive the policy term. 

Depending on the contract, the money can act as:

* A form of retirement income

* A way to leave an inheritance

* An investment in financial markets

For example, you pay monthly premiums into a mixed policy for 30 years. If you live until the end, you get a lump sum that can help top up your pension. If you die earlier, your family receives a payout.

### How to choose the right type for you

The right type depends on your goals. If you primarily want to protect loved ones against debt, term life insurance is often the simplest and most cost-effective option. If you also want to build savings or plan for inheritance, mixed products may be a better fit (though they’re more expensive).

Choosing between the (many) types of life insurance is easier if you use a few simple rules of thumb:

#### 1\. Focus on protection first

Ask yourself: *What financial risk do I want to cover?*

If you have a mortgage or dependents, term life is usually enough. It’s more affordable and straightforward, providing you with greater coverage for less money.

#### 2\. Consider savings only if it fits your plan

Mixed products combine insurance with investments, but they come with higher costs and complexity.

* They may make sense if you have already maxed out simpler savings options (like pension savings or ETFs).

* They can also help with inheritance planning, since payouts can go directly to your heirs.

Always compare the returns and fees with what you’d get by investing separately. Sometimes, separating insurance and investments is more efficient.

#### 3\. Adapt to life stages

* **Young families**: pure risk is usually the priority. You want to protect against debt and provide for kids.

* **Mid-career**: if your finances are stable, adding a mixed product can help you grow savings while staying insured.

* **Retirement planning**: Consider mixed products with guaranteed payouts as a supplement to your pension.

## How to get life insurance in Belgium

Before applying, it is essential to determine the exact amount of coverage you require. Consider immediate costs, such as funeral expenses, outstanding medical bills, or potential taxes (more on that later). 

You should also factor in long-term obligations, such as paying off loans, covering tuition fees, or supporting a spouse’s retirement.

You can get life insurance by:

* Applying online  
* Applying by phone  
* Applying in person at a local branch. 

During the process, you will need to provide:

* Identification documents  
* Recent bank details  
* Name your insurance beneficiaries. 

Insurers will also ask questions about your personal situation, including your health, family, lifestyle, and any existing debts or mortgages.

If you decide to purchase life insurance online in Belgium, follow these steps:

1. **Compare providers:** Research life insurance companies to find the one that best fits your needs and budget.    
2. **Complete the questionnaire:** Answer questions about your health, smoking habits, job, and lifestyle.   
3. **Set your insured sum:** Determine how much money your dependents would need in the event of your death, taking into account existing debts and future expenses.    
4. **Choose the policy length:** Select how long the contract should last. This usually depends on your children’s age, upcoming education costs, or existing loans. Most policies run for 10 to 30 years.  

By carefully preparing and comparing options, you can secure life insurance in Belgium that provides peace of mind and lasting protection for your loved ones.

## How much does life insurance in Belgium cost?

Life insurance premiums aren’t random. They’re calculated based on personal risk and the policy you choose. Here are the main drivers:

* **Age**: Younger applicants usually pay less because their risk of death is statistically lower.

* **Health**: Insurers consider pre-existing conditions, family history, and overall health. Chronic illnesses can increase premiums.

* **Smoking**: Smoking is one of the biggest cost multipliers. Smokers in Belgium can pay double or more than non-smokers.

* **Policy type**: term life covers a set period (e.g., 20 years) and is cheaper. Whole life adds a savings element, which makes it significantly more expensive.

* **Coverage amount and contract length**: the higher the payout and the longer the contract, the higher the monthly premium.

Numbers always make things clearer. 

Here’s how different profiles might play out:

* A **30-year-old non-smoker** buying a €200,000 term life policy could pay around €12 per month.

* A **50-year-old smoker** seeking the same coverage would pay ten times that amount.

* For whole life insurance, premiums can be **5 to 10 times higher** than those for term life.

### How to save on costs as an expat

Here are strategies you can actually use to get lower premiums:

* **Start early**: the younger you are when you apply, the lower your locked-in premium will be.

* **Choose term life insurance**, especially if you’re not sure how long you’ll stay in Belgium. A 15–20 year term can cover your working years and mortgage without overcommitting.

* **Compare local and international providers**: Some expats find Belgian insurers more cost-effective, while others prefer international companies that offer portability in case of relocation again.

* **Adjust coverage to your needs**: do you need €500,000 in coverage, or would €200,000 be enough to clear debts and provide support? Right-sizing saves money.

## How much death benefit do you need?

Let’s break it down with some simple rules and practical examples.

A quick way to estimate your coverage is to multiply your annual income by 5 to 10\. 

**For example**, if you earn €50,000 per year, that’s between €250,000 and €500,000 in coverage. This rule ensures your family can maintain their lifestyle if you were no longer around.

But rules of thumb only go so far. A more tailored approach is to add up the major costs your family would face without you:

* Outstanding debts like mortgages, car loans, or personal loans

* Children’s education expenses, from private school tuition in Belgium to university abroad

* Daily living costs (rent, groceries, healthcare, transport) for at least 5 to 10 years

Belgium’s social security system does provide survivors’ benefits, but they rarely cover everything. A surviving spouse may receive a pension, but it typically replaces only a fraction of the household income. 

If you’ve built your life around two incomes, that shortfall can be significant.

Here are some more factors you should consider as an expat:

* **Where would your family live?** If your spouse and children were to return to your home country, the costs may look very different from those in Belgium. For instance, international school fees in Belgium can be high, while healthcare abroad might be much more expensive.

* **Currency and cost differences.** Coverage that looks sufficient in euros may fall short in your home country if exchange rates or living standards differ.

* **Residency status.** Some expats move frequently. If you expect to leave Belgium within a few years, think about portability—will your life insurance still cover your family if you relocate? 

Tailor your policy to the most likely scenario, not just your current situation.

## Are life insurance payouts taxed in Belgium?

When you’re choosing life insurance, taxes aren’t always the first thing on your mind, but they can make a big difference in what your family actually receives. 

Good news first: the death benefit your beneficiaries receive is **not taxed as income** in Belgium. So, if your policy pays €300,000, your family won’t see that treated like a salary.

But there’s a catch: **inheritance tax**. 

This depends on two factors:

* **Where you live** (Brussels, Flanders, or Wallonia all apply different rates)

* **Who receives the money** (close family members pay less than distant relatives or unrelated beneficiaries)

For example, a spouse or child usually pays much lower rates than a cousin.

If you’re not sure where your heirs would stand on the “taxability” front, ask your insurer, broker or financial advisor for a quick inheritance tax simulation. It helps avoid surprises.

### Savings-linked policies

If you cash in (redeem) the “savings” portion of your policy during your lifetime, the payout may be taxed. The tax rate depends on how long you’ve held the contract and the type of earnings component (such as funds or guaranteed interest).

### Can life insurance premiums be deducted from taxes?

Certain life insurance contracts qualify for **long-term savings tax deductions**. That means part of your yearly premiums can reduce your taxable income, lowering your tax bill today.

But not all policies qualify. This is something to check upfront with your insurer before signing, so you don’t assume you’ll get a deduction without checking.

## Alternatives to life insurance for foreigners in Belgium

Life insurance isn’t the only way to protect your family financially. Depending on your goals, several alternatives may offer partial or complementary protection. The key is knowing what each option does well (and where it falls short), so you can choose the right mix for your situation.

### Savings and investments

Savings and investments are the most straightforward safety net. 

Here’s how they stack up in Belgium:

* **Savings accounts**: Low-risk and accessible, but limited growth due to low interest rates.

* **Investment funds**: Potentially higher returns, but also higher risk.

* **Pension savings (Pillar II and III)**: Employer-sponsored or individual plans that help build wealth over time, with tax advantages.

If your goal is to build long-term wealth while using Belgium’s pension tax perks, savings and investments are a smart move. Just keep in mind that, unlike life insurance, they don’t provide instant protection. It can take years before your savings reach the level of a life insurance payout.

### Group insurance

Many companies, unions, and professional associations in Belgium offer group insurance as part of their benefits packages. These policies provide a built-in death benefit at no extra cost to you.

Before buying a separate policy, always ask your HR department, union rep, or point of contact:

* Do you offer discounted term life insurance policies?

* How much would it pay out to my family?

* Does coverage remain valid if I leave the company/union/association?

### Credit balance insurance

If you buy property in Belgium, your bank will likely require **credit balance insurance**. This policy clears your mortgage if you die before paying it off. That means your family can stay in the home without worrying about loan repayments.

Note: it only covers the outstanding mortgage balance. 

It won’t help with daily expenses, school fees, or future financial goals. Still, these policies are generally the most affordable way to ensure your family can keep living in your home in the event of your passing.

### Disability insurance

If you need life insurance, chances are you should also consider disability insurance. Instead of paying your family if you pass away, disability insurance pays you if you lose your ability to work due to illness or accident.

For expats, this is especially important because:

* Belgian healthcare may cover treatments, but not your lost income.

* If your spouse or dependents rely on your income, disability coverage helps prevent a sudden financial crisis.

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Life insurance in Italy (assicurazione sulla vita)

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Life Insurance in Belgium (assurance vie/levensverzekering)

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How the mutuelle (public health insurance fund) works in Belgium

Do I qualify for public health insurance?

### Introduction

Belgium is known for having one of the best healthcare systems in Europe. At the heart of this system is the **mutuelle** (in French) or **ziekenfonds** (in Dutch) — a public health insurance fund that manages reimbursements and access to care. Joining a mutuelle is **mandatory** for anyone living, studying, or working in Belgium. It ensures your medical costs are reimbursed and that you have access to the public healthcare network.


### What is a mutuelle (ziekenfonds)?

A mutuelle is the organization through which you access Belgium’s public health insurance system. 
In simple terms: you pay a small annual contribution, and the mutuelle reimburses most of your medical expenses.

One of the things many people appreciate about Belgian healthcare is the **freedom of choice**. You’re free to decide which doctor, general practitioner, or specialist you want to see — without needing a referral first. This makes the system more flexible than in some neighboring countries, where access to specialists is more restricted.

**Key facts:**
- Membership is mandatory for residents who are paying social security contributions.
- It provides compulsory health coverage (doctor visits, hospitals, maternity, prescriptions).
- Every fund follows national reimbursement rates set by Belgium’s government.
- Each fund adds optional extra benefits (e.g. dental, physiotherapy, travel assistance).

[You can register here to join a Belgian mutuelle fund at a fixed price of €9.99/month.](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public)

### When must you sign up?

Health insurance is not optional in Belgium — you _must_ register with a mutuelle if:

- you are officially registered at an address in Belgium
- you are paying social security contributions in Belgium (for example, through work)

**Timing:**

You can only join once your official residence is registered. Before that, you may need temporary coverage.

**Can I join a mutuelle if I'm not paying social security contributions?**

No, in order to benefit from the Belgian public health system, you need to pay social security contributions in Belgium. This can be via your work, as a self-employed or via your Belgian pension or unemployment. If you're currently not paying social security contributions but you want to register for a mutuelle, you will have to declare your income and will be asked to pay quarterly contributions of €931.12/quarter, first.

Foreign students can join a mutuelle from the day they arrive, but also need to pay social security contributions. As a student, you need an enrolment certificate from a Belgian school or university, and your social security contributions will be lowered to €78.93 per quarter.

**Temporary coverage options:**
- if you’re coming from the EEA or the UK, you may use your **EHIC** (European Health Insurance Card) or **GHIC** (UK Global Health Insurance Card) for temporary cover until your registration in Belgium is complete
- if you are moving from outside the EU/EEA, temporary expat health insurance can cover you until you’re eligible for a mutuelle

With Feather’s [**expat health insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat), you’re free to cancel your policy on a **month-by-month basis**. This means you stay covered until the day your mutuelle membership is active — avoiding both gaps and unnecessary overlap in your health coverage.


### How to choose a mutuelle

The compulsory coverage is the same everywhere, but each mutuelle provides slightly different extras and services. Here are the key factors to look at:

- **Supplementary benefits**: which additional services matter to you (dental, physiotherapy, travel, childcare, alternative medicine)?
- **Language and support**: some funds, such as our partners, are known for offering better English-language services and even expat-dedicated help
- **Local presence**: a nearby branch makes paperwork and advice much easier


### The registration process (step-by-step)

Once you’ve chosen a mutual fund, registering is straightforward. You’ll usually need to provide:

- your passport or residence permit
- proof of address in Belgium
- your national registration number (obtained when you register at the commune)
- proof of employment, student enrollment, or other social security status

After submitting your application — either online, by post, or in person — you’ll receive confirmation of membership and an insurance card or stickers to use when requesting reimbursements. From this point, you’re officially part of the Belgian public health insurance system.


### Topping up your coverage

The mutuelle provides excellent compulsory coverage, and for many people this is sufficient. However, it is possible to **top up your basic health insurance with private health insurance**. Private policies can cover faster access to specialists, private hospital rooms, or treatments not fully reimbursed by the mutuelle. This is entirely optional, and many residents are fully satisfied with public health coverage alone.


### Conclusion

The mutuelle system is central to Belgium’s excellent healthcare: it makes high-quality care affordable and accessible to everyone. Once you’re officially registered in Belgium, joining a mutuelle is one of the first steps to take to secure your health coverage.

**Want to join right away or [check your eligibility first?](https://forms.feather-insurance.com/r/7rrae6)**

If you’re not yet eligible, [**Feather’s expat health insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat) can bridge the gap. 
It’s accepted by visa authorities, can be canceled monthly, and ensures you’re covered from day one, until you can smoothly transition into the public system.

👉 [**Book a call with Feather today**](https://calendly.com/feather-belgium/expat-health-insurance) to get personal advice and start your journey with peace of mind.

Find out more about your health insurance options.

Expat moving to Belgium?

I felt like I was in safe hands with Feather

Strongly recommend for expats

The registration and cancellation was incredibly easy

[BP] Guide to public health insurance

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How health insurance & healthcare work in Belgium

Ever tried to understand Belgian health insurance as an expat?

It's like trying to read a manual written in three languages... because it literally is.

But here's the thing:

Belgium has one of the **best healthcare systems in Europe** ([ranking 5th](https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/best-healthcare-in-the-world)).

The problem?

Most expats make expensive mistakes because they don't understand how it works.

Today, we’ll show you exactly how Belgian health insurance works.

> **Quick Summary:** Belgian health insurance is mandatory for all residents and workers. You have 3 months to register or face fines up to €2,500. 
>
> This guide shows you exactly how to navigate Belgium's healthcare system, avoid costly mistakes, and get covered fast.

Let's dive right in.

## Is health insurance mandatory in Belgium? (Yes)

Health insurance is **legally required** for anyone living or working in Belgium.

This isn't a suggestion. It's the law.

Specifically, the **Law of July 14, 1994** makes health insurance compulsory for:

- All employees (even on day one)
- Self-employed individuals
- Students staying over 3 months
- Unemployed residents
- Retirees
- Family members of workers

**TLDR:** If you're in Belgium for more than a tourist visit, you need health insurance.

### What is the 3-month rule?

Here's something most guides won't tell you:

You have exactly **90 days** from arrival to register for health insurance.

Miss this deadline?

You're looking at:

- Fines up to **€2,500**
- Retroactive payments from your arrival date
- Potential residence permit problems

## What happens if you don't get Belgian health insurance?

Skipping health insurance in Belgium is financially irresponsible.

Here's what will happen:

### Immediate consequences (month 1)

- **Zero reimbursements:** You pay 100% of medical costs (unless you have expat health insurance)
- **No subsidized medications:** Full pharmacy prices
- **Limited hospital access:** Emergency care only

### Legal penalties (month 3+)

- Administrative fines: **€250-€2,500**
- Employer fines: Up to **€2,500** (they'll pass this to you)
- Late registration fees: **€50-€250** extra

### Long-term (year 1+)

- **Visa renewal blocks:** Your residence permit is at risk.
- **Debt accumulation:** One surgery can cost €10,000+.
- **No preventive care:** You’ll be ineligible for free cancer screenings, dental cleanings, etc.
- **Credit impacts:** Unpaid medical bills affect your Individual Credit Register (ICR) score

**The worst part?**

Belgian authorities actively check. This isn't something you can "forget" about.

## How Belgian healthcare actually works: 3-pillar system

Belgian healthcare looks complicated.

But it's actually pretty simple once you understand the structure.

Think of it like a three-layer cake:

### Layer 1: Social security funding (the foundation)

This is where the money comes from.

If you're employed:

- Your employer pays **25%** of your gross salary
- You pay **13.07%** of your gross salary
- About **7.35%** goes specifically to health insurance

### Layer 2: Mutualités (Health funds)

These are non-profit organizations that handle your benefits.

Belgium has 6 major ones:

| Mutuality | Members | Special Focus |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **CM** (Christian) | 4.5M | Families, largest network, multi-language support |
| **Solidaris** (Socialist) | 3M | Strong in Wallonia |
| **Mutualité Libérale** (Liberal) | 2.2M | Business professionals |
| **Partenamut** (Independent) | 1.2M | Digital services |
| **Mutualité Neutre** (Neutral) | 500K | Straightforward approach |

**Here's the kicker:** They **all** provide the exact same basic coverage.

The only differences? Extra non-essential perks (for example, gym discounts or the amount subsidized for glasses).

### Layer 3: Optional supplements (”top up insurance”)

This covers what public insurance doesn't:

- Single hospital rooms
- Dental implants
- Alternative medicine
- Comfort medications

## What does Belgian health insurance cover?

### What's covered (the good news)

Belgian insurance covers a lot:

| Service | You Pay | Insurance Pays | Total Cost |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **GP Visit** | €5.95 | €21.86 | €27.81 |
| **Specialist** | €12 | €38 | €50 |
| **Emergency rom** | €25-40 | €75-110 | €100-150 |
| **Hospital stay** (shared room) | €20/day | Rest | Fully covered |
| **Childbirth** | €0-50 | Everything | €3,000+ value |
| **Cancer treatment** | Minimal | 95-100% | €50,000+ value |
| **Mental health** | €11/session | €39/session | €50/session |

These figures are not always exact: sometimes you’ll pay a little more, sometimes a little less.

Medications are covered too, but the amount depends on their category:

- **Category A (vital):** 100% covered
- **Category B (important):** 75-80% covered
- **Category C (symptomatic):** 50% covered
- **Category Cx (comfort):** 0% covered

### What's *not* covered (the bad news)

Here's where healthcare can get expensive:

- **Single hospital rooms**: +€150-300/day (not covered)
- **Non-convention doctors**: Can charge 300% more
- **Dental implants**: €1,500-3,000 each (zero coverage)
- **Adult orthodontics**: €3,000-6,000 (not covered)
- **Cosmetic procedures**: 0% coverage
- **Alternative medicine**: Usually not covered

**Our tip:** It’s possible to get these services covered. It’s why [4.6 million Belgians](https://webappsa.riziv-inami.fgov.be/wrt/fr) get supplementary insurance.

## How does the Belgian reimbursement system work?

Belgium has two payment methods:

### Method 1: Third-party payment

Here’s how it works:

1. Show your Belgian residence permit, Belgian ID or ISI+ card (card that shows that you are covered by Belgian social security)
2. Pay only your share (for example, €5.95 for GP visits)
3. Insurance pays additional costs to the doctor directly

Best of all? **No paperwork needed.**

This method is available for:

- All hospitals
- Most pharmacies
- Most GPs and specialists
- Lab tests

### Method 2: Pay and claim

The process is slightly different:

1. Pay the full amount upfront
2. Get an "attestation" (proof of payment) from your healthcare professional.
3. Submit the attestation to your mutuality, usually via an app, website, or post
4. Get reimbursed in 5-10 days (starting from the moment they confirm receiving your claim)

Good to know: you can claim costs back for up to two years in the past.

The “pay and claim” method is usually used for:

- Some doctor visits and specialists
- Dental care
- Physiotherapy

## Do you have to pay for healthcare in Belgium?

Technically, yes. You’ll have to pay for treatment, but only up to a certain point.

Why?

Because Belgium has something called **Maximum Billing (MAF)**.

What does it do?

It limits your annual “out-of-pocket” (what you pay yourself) medical costs. 

The amount is based on income:

- Low income: **€250/year** maximum
- Average income: **€650/year** maximum
- High income: **€1,900/year** maximum

After hitting your cap, everything is 100% covered.

## When to get expat health insurance in Belgium

If you’ve just moved to Belgium, you’ve got three main health insurance options.

Two of them (public and private health insurance), we’ve already discussed: They are for residents who are already registered. 

But here’s the catch:

To join the public system, you need to pay into **social security**.

And to get private insurance, you must already have **public coverage**.

So what happens if you’re:

- Applying for a **visa**?
- Waiting to **start your job**?
- Or still **waiting on your residence permit**?

That’s where [**expat health insurance**](https://www.feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat) comes in.

It’s designed to be your **bridge to the Belgian system** (the safety net that keeps you covered while you’re getting settled).

Here’s what you need to know:

- Expat health insurance is designed specifically for newcomers in Belgium.
- It’s ideal if you need proof of insurance for your **visa application** (it’s actually one of the official [Belgian visa requirements](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/visa-requirements))
- Or if you’re in that awkward in-between phase before you’re officially registered

Here are the key benefits it provides:

- It’s usually **cheaper** than public or private plans
- It covers you for **up to 5 years** (depending on the provider)
- It excludes pre-existing conditions, which keeps costs lower

Expat health insurance is your **fast, flexible, and affordable** entry ticket to Belgian healthcare.

Once you’re integrated into the public or private system, you can switch easily. No gaps, no fines, no stress.

Visa-compliant. Best-rated support. Cancel anytime.

Sign up for expat health insurance

## How to get health insurance in Belgium: Step-by-step

Here's exactly how to get covered:

### Step 0: Get expat health insurance

Skip this step if you’ve already received your National Registration Number (11-digit code assigned to all residents registered in Belgium).

If you’ve not yet received it (for example, if you just moved or are applying for a visa), you should *seriously* consider expat health insurance. 

It ensures that if anything bad happens to you, you’ll be able to afford healthcare while proceeding with the next steps (it’s also a mandatory step in the [visa application process](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/visa-application-process)).

### Step 1: Social security registration

As an employee, your employer registers you with ONSS (National Social Security Office in Belgium) automatically. 

All you have to do is provide them with your National Registration Number, which you’ll get once you’re officially registered in Belgium.

If you’re a freelancer or self employed, you must register with a social security fund. These include:

- Acerta
- Xerius
- Liantis
- UCM

If you don't fit into these categories, but are residing in Belgium: [contact Feather](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public) - we can still find the best option for you to sign up for public health insurance

### Step 2: Choose your mutualité

To choose your mutualité, remember that **they all offer the same core coverage**. The only difference will be in small extras and bonus programs.

Once you’ve chosen your preferred mutualité, you can:

1. Go to the relevant mutuality website (CM, Solidaris, etc.)
2. Click "Join" or "Inscription"
3. Upload your documents:
    - Passport/ID
    - Employment contract
    - Residence permit (or proof of application)
    - Belgian bank account IBAN
    - **For freelancers only:** Proof of self-employment registration and a business plan (if it’s a new business)
4. Get temporary certificate of membership immediately (you can use this to get medical treatment)

### Step 3: Cancel expat health insurance

Once you’re into the Belgian public system, you can safely cancel your expat health insurance.

If something happens and you need medical attention, you’ll be covered.

### Step 4: **Receive personalised stickers**

The stickers show your personal data and that you are covered by Belgian social security. 
It will arrives by mail in the 2 weeks following your application.

When you're reimbursing costs via the 2nd method, you need to stick one of these stickers onto your receipt before mailing/deposing it to the mutuelle.

### Step 5: Get a health insurance top-up

If you want to get the best benefits, coverage and reimbursements, you should seriously consider a top-up to the public health insurance.

It’s not mandatory, but ensures you get access to the best treatments, facilities and personnel for a fraction of the cost you’d have to pay if if you were on public insurance only.

All Belgian mutuelles offer a bunch of options, but you can also look at private insurance companies for the top-up.

### Step 6: Payments (for freelancers and self-employed only)

When you’re self employed, you must pay your social security fund quarterly.

The exact dates can vary year to year, but generally the payments are due on:

- March 20th
- June 20th
- September 20th
- December 20th

These payments cover your contributions to health insurance, pension, and other social benefits. 

## How much does Belgian health insurance cost?

Let's talk money (because no one wants to overpay for health insurance).

Here’s what to expect cost-wise in Belgium:

### If you're employed

Payments (and cost) are automatic, based on and deducted from your salary:

| Gross salary | Total social security (13.07%) | Health portion (7.35%) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| €2,500 | €327 | €183 |
| €3,500 | €457 | €257 |
| €5,000 | €653 | €368 |
| €7,500 | €980 | €551 |

### If You're Self-Employed

Quarterly payments based on your income:

| Annual Income | Per Quarter | Per Year |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Under €15,832 | €747 (minimum) | €2,988 |
| €25,000 | €1,281 | €5,125 |
| €50,000 | €2,563 | €10,250 |
| €75,000 | €3,281 | €13,125 |
| Over €98,540 | €3,487 (maximum) | €13,947 |

## Should you get private health insurance?

Our opinion is that private health insurance is crucial (even essential).

Why?

Because public health insurance only goes so far. 

For example… 

### **Hospitalisation insurance**.

Hospitalization insurance is the coverage most Belgians never skip.

Why? Because your public plan only covers part of your hospital stay.

You’re still on the hook for things like:

- Lab tests
- Doctor consultations
- Blood transfusions
- Medication
- Single-room upgrades

Those “extras” can add up fast — one short hospital stay can easily hit four figures.

That’s why **nearly 9 out of 10 Belgians** ([88%](https://www.kbcbrussels.be/retail/en/insurance/family/hospitalisation-insurance.html)) have hospitalization insurance.

It takes a potential €3,000–€10,000 bill and turns it into a manageable monthly cost.

### Dental insurance

Again, a private dental insurance can help you bridge your public coverage’s gap:

| Treatment | Public Covers | Actual Cost | Your Gap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cleaning | €20 | €80 | €60 |
| Filling | €30 | €120 | €90 |
| Crown | €300 | €1,200 | €900 |
| Implant | €0 | €2,500 | €2,500 |

With dental insurance, you can expect to pay almost 0 for all of these (with a few caveats, like waiting periods and limits — but generally, unless you have excellent oral health, these policies are worth it. 

### In short…

If you want peace of mind, and protection from big, unexpected bills, private health insurance is your best bet.

## The bottom line

Belgian healthcare is excellent once you understand it.

Yes, the registration seems complex. But it's actually straightforward when you follow the steps.

Your total budget should be:

- **Employees:** €150-250/month (including supplements)
- **Self-employed:** €250-400/month (including supplements)
- **Families:** Add €50-100/month for kids

The most important things to remember:

1. **Register within 90 days** (non-negotiable). While waiting, get [expat health insurance](https://www.feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat).
2. **Get hospitalization insurance**
3. **Submit claims immediately** (money back faster)

Belgium's healthcare system ranks 4th in Europe for a reason: Once you're in, you'll have access to world-class medical care at incredibly reasonable prices.

The key is getting set up correctly from the start.

## Frequently Asked Questions

### **Can I use my home country insurance instead?**

Only for the first 3 months with EHIC (EU citizens) or if you're a posted worker with A1 certificate. After that, Belgian insurance is mandatory.

### **What if I travel frequently?**

Belgian insurance covers emergencies EU-wide. For broader coverage, add international travel insurance or consider expat insurance like Feather.

### **I'm only here for 6 months. Do I need Belgian insurance?**

Yes, if you're working. Consider expat insurance for simpler administration if your stay is under 1 year.

### **Can I switch mutuality?**

Yes, once per year during January. The process takes 5 minutes online.

### **Are pre-existing conditions covered in Belgium?**

Belgian public insurance covers everything - no exclusions for pre-existing conditions. Private supplements may have restrictions.

### **How do I find an English-speaking doctor?**

Use [doctoranytime.be](http://doctoranytime.be/) and filter by language, or ask your mutuality for recommendations. Brussels and Flanders have the most options.

### **Is dental care really that expensive?**

Basic care is affordable (€60-80 for cleaning). Major work (implants, crowns) is expensive without supplementary insurance.

### **What if I lose my job?**

You maintain coverage through unemployment benefits or can pay voluntarily. Your mutuality will guide you through the transition.

### **Can my spouse work if they're on my insurance?**

Yes, but once they earn income, they need their own registration. Children stay on family coverage until 25 (if studying).

### **Do I need to speak French or Dutch?**

Not necessarily. Many doctors speak English, especially in cities. But learning key medical terms helps.

*This guide is based on official Belgian government sources including INAMI/RIZIV, ONSS/RSZ, and major mutuality websites. All rates current for 2024-2025. For personalized advice, consult your mutuality, insurance broker, or [contact us](https://calendly.com/feather-belgium/expat-health-insurance).*

Health Insurance in Italy: Explained

Health Insurance in Belgium: Explained

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How-to-move-to-Germany-from-the-USA-step-by-step-guide.png

How to move to Belgium

Moving to Belgium can be an exciting step, but also comes with practical and administrative challenges you’ll need to prepare for.

Your experience will depend on who you are and why you’re moving, so it’s important to understand the process early.

In this guide, you’ll learn:

* Why people choose to move to Belgium  
* Who needs a visa, and what kinds are available   
* How to prepare for your move  
* What to expect after arriving  
* Things to think about once you’ve settled in  
* And pathways to long-term residency and citizenship

By the end, you’ll have a clearer roadmap for your move to Belgium, so you can focus on enjoying life there.

## Why move to Belgium?

**Employment** is a big reason people move to Belgium. Many regions are experiencing **labour shortages,** which makes it easier for newcomers to find opportunities

If you’re looking to [study at **Belgian universities**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/study-in-belgium)**,** they consistently rank high in EU university rankings, and tuition fees are low compared to many European countries (especially for EU citizens).

[Belgium’s **healthcare system**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/health-insurance-belgium-guide) is yet another reason, with modern hospitals and high success rates for challenging treatments.

## Who needs a visa?

Thanks to freedom of movement laws, EU/EEA citizens can live, work, and study in Belgium for as long as they like without a visa.

Visa-free travel is also available for a number of other countries, such as the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and Japan. However, this only applies for short stays, and won’t allow you to work or study in Belgium. 

So, if you’re not an EU/EEA citizen and are looking to stay for more than 90 days, you’ll need to apply for a visa. 

## Visa and immigration options

Belgium offers a variety of visa options. Choosing the right one for you is one of the most important steps when planning your move. 

Here’s a quick overview:

* **Employment visas** generally require sponsorship. If you’ve secured a job offer, your employer applies for a permit on your behalf.  
* **EU Blue Cards** provide greater mobility around Europe, and a faster path to permanent residency. To apply, you’ll need an employment contract, university degree, and a salary above €60,000.  
* **Student visas** are for anyone planning to study in Belgium. You’ll need to provide proof of admission, sufficient financial means, and health insurance coverage to apply.   
* **Self-employment visas** exist, but are less common than standard employment visas. Application requirements include a detailed business plan and proof of financial resources.  
* **Family reunification visas** help residents bring spouses and dependent children to join them in Belgium.  
* **Au Pair visas** are open to applicants aged 18–26, who live with a Belgian host family and receive board plus pocket money.  

Learn more about [**how to apply for a visa in Belgium**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/blog/visa-application-process)**.**

### Switching visas inside Belgium

It is possible to switch visas whilst in Belgium; however, the process can be complicated and is not available for all visa types. In many cases, you’ll need to **leave Belgium and reapply from abroad**.. 

Planning ahead saves stress. If you think you’ll want to switch permits, make sure your initial path gives you that flexibility.

## Preparing for your move

Settling in Belgium takes time and planning. Knowing what to expect before you land can speed up the process and help you feel more comfortable sooner.

### Financial expectations

The first months are the most expensive. Initial costs include:

* **Housing**: a rental deposit (usually 2–3 months’ rent) plus the first month in advance.

* **Healthcare**: mandatory registration fees are modest, but you’ll need insurance right away\!

* **Daily setup**: transport passes, furniture, and basic appliances can add another €1,000-2,000.

All in all, we recommend preparing an initial budget of **€4,000-6,000 for singles** and **€8,000-12,000 for families**, depending on the city and housing choice. 

### Getting employed

Belgium’s labor market is well-organized but competitive. 

The top job platforms are [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/) and [StepStone](https://www.stepstone.de/en/). [VDAB](https://www.vdab.be/engineeringflanders) (Flanders), [Actiris](https://actiris.brussels/) (Brussels), [Le Forem](https://www.leforem.be/) (Wallonia) are also great for finding regional listings.

If you’re flexible and focused, finding a job is realistic – but patience is key\! Belgium’s hiring processes are thorough and can move slowly.

### Securing accommodation

Housing can be one of the biggest stress points for newcomers in Belgium, so it’s worth planning early. 

Rentals are the most common option, and platforms like [**Immoweb**](https://www.immoweb.be/fr) and [**Immovlan**](https://immovlan.be/fr) are the go-to sites for listings. 

Many expats also rely on **Facebook housing groups**, but caution is crucial. Scam alerts are common, and deposits should never be paid before a viewing and a signed contract.

### Health insurance

Every resident in Belgium must register with a **mutualité** (public health fund), but this takes time – sometimes weeks or months after arrival. 

That’s why many expats need private coverage as a bridge. [**Expat insurance**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat) is a common solution, as it’s visa-compliant and designed specifically for newcomers.

Having coverage from day one means you can focus on settling in, then switch smoothly into the Belgian system once your registration is complete.

### Shipping belongings, car, and pets

If you’re **moving within the EU**, things couldn't be simpler. You won’t face customs duties on personal belongings, and you can bring everything along with you

If you’re **moving from a non-EU country,** you’ll need to fill out some additional customs paperwork, although personal items are usually exempt from heavy fees if declared properly.

**Cars** from the EU can be re-registered with Belgian plates, though inspections and taxes apply. For non-EU vehicles, import duties and compliance with Belgian technical standards can add high costs. 

**Pets** must be microchipped, vaccinated against rabies, and travel with an EU pet passport or veterinary health certificate. 

## Your first month in Belgium

Your first month in Belgium sets the tune for your new life. It’s the time for getting used to administrative processes and adjusting to a new area.

### Moving in and organising utilities

When you move into a Belgian flat, you need to set up the necessary utilities. 

The key steps are:

* Recording **electricity and gas meter readings** with your landlord on move-in day.

* Registering with an energy supplier of your choice ([Engie](https://www.engie.be/fr/), [Luminus](https://www.luminus.be/fr/particuliers/), [Mega](https://www.mega.be/?srsltid=AfmBOopELzMopV_LmrJSX4W6ahMN_4ocWrBV_OMOCo7Ej7Bw-Lf2Qulj) are the most common).

* Notifying the local water company to transfer billing to you.

Make sure to get on top of this early, as delays can leave you liable for previous tenants’ bills\!

### Registering your address

Once you’ve got the keys and moved in, the next step is to **register your address at your commune’s foreigners desk**. 

You’ll need to bring your **rental contract, passport, and visa.** 

Once registered you’ll receive your **residence card**, which will allow you to access healthcare, finalize your work contract, and open a bank account. 

### Opening a bank account

Belgium has a mix of traditional banks ([**ING**](https://www.ing.be/en/individuals)**, [KBC](https://www.kbcbrussels.be/), [BNP Paribas Fortis](https://www.bnpparibasfortis.be/)**) and online challengers like [**N26**](https://n26.com/en-be) **and [Revolut](https://www.revolut.com/en-BE/)**. Traditional banks offer full local services, but online banks are faster to set up.

Many expats start with an online bank for convenience, then switch to a Belgian bank once their registration is complete.

### Getting a phone/internet plan

Staying connected is key for securing a job and building a social network. 

Belgium’s main providers are [**Proximus**](https://www.proximus.be/)**, [Orange](https://www.orange.be/fr), and [Base](https://www.base.be/)**. Proximus has the widest coverage, Orange offers competitive bundles, and Base is often cheaper for mobile.

You’ll choose between:

* **Prepaid SIMs**: flexible, no contract, and ideal while you wait for residence papers.

* **Contracts**: cheaper rates, but you’ll need a Belgian address and bank account to set one up.

For home internet, expect installation wait times of 1–3 weeks. Many expats start with mobile data until their line is activated.

### Important insurances

Some insurances are mandatory in Belgium, others are just highly recommended. As a newcomer, it’s important to find out which apply to your situation.

Some of the most common insurances include:

* [**Household insurance (together with personal liability insurance)**](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/fire-insurance): often required by landlords to cover damage to the property or neighbors.

* **Car insurance**: third-party liability is legally required if you own a vehicle.

* **Health insurance**: many newcomers apply for private health insurance (such as [expat insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/expat)) whilst waiting to become eligible for the [public health insurance](https://feather-insurance.com/en-be/health-insurance/public).  

### Mobility and transport

**Public transport** is reliable but split regionally. Each region has its own ticketing system, with apps and passes making life easier for commuters. 

For cross-regional travel, **national rail (SNCB/NMBS)** ties everything together.

Belgium also has strong **cycling** infrastructure, but you’re expected to follow the same road rules as cars. That means lights, reflective gear, and respect for traffic signs. 

**Cars** are common, but high parking costs in cities make bikes and trains more practical.

### Bringing family to Belgium

If you plan to reunite with your family after settling in Belgium, you’ll go through the **family reunification process**. 

**Applications** are filed once you’ve secured your own residence permit, and require proof of stable income, adequate housing, and health insurance coverage for family members.

Processing times range from **6 to 12 months**, depending on the commune and the family’s country of origin. 

## Your first year living in Belgium

The first year is when life in Belgium starts to feel permanent. This is when you’ll start building routines, navigating healthcare, and finding your place in a multilingual society.

### Language learning

Language is often the biggest key to settling in long-term. 

Belgium’s regions make a difference: **Dutch dominates in Flanders, French in Wallonia, and both in Brussels**. In the small eastern region, German is also an official language.

To start learning, newcomers can choose between:

* **Municipal integration courses (CVOs)**: affordable, structured, and often subsidized.

* **Private language schools**: smaller classes, faster progress, but higher costs.

Apps like [**Duolingo**](https://www.duolingo.com/) and [**Babbel**](https://www.babbel.com/) are useful supplements, but real progress comes from practice in daily life. 

### National healthcare

Healthcare in Belgium is high-quality, but understanding the system takes time. The first step is registering with a **general practitioner (GP)**, which will be your go-to for referrals and prescriptions.

You’ll also need to join a **mutualité/mutualiteit (public health fund)**, which handles reimbursements. You pay upfront for appointments, then claim back 50–70% depending on the service.

Out-of-pocket costs are normal, but many residents take **top-up insurance** for dental, vision, or hospital coverage. 

### Professional culture and workplace habits

Belgian work culture blends formality with pragmatism. **Punctuality matters**, so don’t be late\! 

Hierarchies exist, but they’re less rigid than in France or Germany. Managers expect respect, yet collaboration and consensus are valued.

Social norms lean toward **direct but polite communication**. Formality is higher at the start, with polite greetings and handshakes, but relationships often become warm once trust is built.

### Building a social network

Belgium’s international mix makes it easier to find your community. 

Many newcomers join **expat groups**, sports clubs, or platforms like [**Meetup.com**](http://Meetup.com) to meet people with shared interests. Large cities like Brussels, Antwerp, and Ghent have especially active expat networks.

It’s a gradual process, but one that pays off in making Belgium feel like home.

### Taxes and social contributions

Belgium’s tax system is thorough, and can be intimidating at first.

Your **first tax return** is usually filed the year after you arrive, through the digital portal [**Tax-on-web**](https://finances.belgium.be/fr/E-services/Tax-on-web). The system is user-friendly once you’re logged in, although it’s only available in Dutch or French.

Your salary automatically includes **pension and social security contributions**. These fund healthcare, unemployment, and retirement benefits which provide strong coverage and security.

For expats, the challenge is often **dual taxation agreements**. It’s worth consulting an accountant if you earn abroad or maintain financial ties outside Belgium.

### Childcare and education

Parents have two main choices when it comes to education in Belgium:

* **Public schools** are free (low fees for supplies and meals) and high-quality, but primarily in Dutch or French.   
*   
* **International schools** (often English-speaking) offer familiar curricula but charge hefty fees, sometimes €10,000–20,000 per year.

For younger children, **nurseries and crèches** are affordable compared to many countries but have **long waiting lists**, so it’s common to register while still pregnant. 

## Long-term residency and citizenship

If you see yourself staying in Belgium for the long haul, you’ll want to understand the paths to permanence. 

### Permanent residency

Permanent residency means you can stay in Belgium without constantly renewing permits. There are two main routes:

* **EU long-term residence permit**: available after 5 years of uninterrupted legal stay.

* **Belgian settlement permit**: often issued after 5 years of residence with strong work history, or 10 years in other cases. 

Both options require proof of integration, like work contracts, tax records, or completion of language courses. 

The big difference is scope, with the EU residence permit offering broader rights across Europe.

### Citizenship

Belgian citizenship can be obtained in several ways:

* **By residence**: requires **10 years** of legal stay, which may be shortened to 5 years if you show strong integration (work, taxes, community involvement).

* **By marriage**: being married to a Belgian speeds up eligibility, though you still need a few years of residence.

* **By birth**: children born in Belgium to Belgian residents often qualify automatically.

Citizenship grants full EU rights, voting privileges, and the freedom to move or work anywhere in the EU.

Since reforms in 2008, Belgians are generally allowed to **hold multiple citizenships** without giving one up. This is perfect for expats who want to secure EU rights without losing ties to their home country.

### Long-term financial planning

Thinking about your future in Belgium means looking at pensions, taxes, and real-estate.

Belgium has a **three-pillar pension system**:

* The **first pillar** is the state pension, based on your work history.

* The **second pillar** comes from employer contributions.

* The **third pillar** allows individuals to build private retirement savings with tax benefits.

Many expats also explore Belgium’s **property market**. Buying is possible, but comes with high upfront costs (taxes and notary fees can add 10–15%).

## Conclusion

Moving to Belgium requires foresight and planning, but that shouldn’t turn you off\!

With ample job opportunities, outstanding study options, and a quality of life revered worldwide, you’re sure to have a great time once you’ve arrived.

Our best advice is to plan early, and take tasks one at a time. Trying to do everything at once can quickly get overwhelming and cause a lot of stress.

It’s also worth remembering that you’re not alone\! 

If you’re ever confused or need additional information, you can check out our other articles on Belgian insurance and visa processes, or reach out to your local Belgian embassy/consulate.

Once all the boxes are ticked, you can get back to planning your new life in Belgium\!

A bientôt\!